“ROLE OF KAVALAGRAHA AND GANDUSHA (OIL PULLING) IN ORAL AND DENTAL HEALTH.”
Introduction: Oral health is a vital component of systemic well-being, and its neglect can lead to various dental, periodontal, and systemic disorders. Ayurveda emphasizes daily oral hygiene through practices such as Kavalagraha and Gandusha, commonly referred to as oil pulling. These practices, mentioned in classical Ayurvedic texts, are claimed to prevent oral diseases, strengthen gums, and promote overall health. Methods: A structured review was conducted by retrieving data from Ayurvedic classics (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya), modern dental literature, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Studies focusing on the therapeutic role of oil pulling in dental plaque, gingivitis, halitosis, caries, and systemic implications were included, while non-relevant and anecdotal reports were excluded. Results: Classical texts describe Kavalagraha and Gandusha as preventive and curative measures for Mukharoga (oral diseases) and systemic disorders. Modern clinical studies indicate that oil pulling with sesame, coconut, or sunflower oil significantly reduces Streptococcus mutans counts, dental plaque, halitosis, and gingival bleeding. Randomized controlled trials have shown comparable efficacy of oil pulling with chlorhexidine mouthwash in reducing plaque and gingivitis, though with fewer side effects. Additionally, its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties suggest broader systemic health benefits. Discussion: The integrative evidence suggests that Kavalagraha and Gandusha provide a safe, cost-effective, and holistic approach to oral hygiene. However, gaps remain in long-term randomized trials, mechanistic studies, and standardization of oils used. Bridging Ayurvedic wisdom with contemporary research may strengthen preventive dentistry.
KEYWORDS: Ayurveda, dental health, Gandusha, Kavalagraha, oil pulling