COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME: AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE ON DIGITAL EYE STRAIN AND ITS MANAGEMENT
Background: Computer vision syndrome, also called digital eye strain, is a group of eye and vision problems associated with prolonged use of computers, tablets and smartphones. Its prevalence has increased with digital work and online education. Symptoms include eye strain, dryness, burning, blurred vision, headache and neck pain. Ayurveda has no direct classical equivalent but offers concepts of Netra Roga causation, including Sukshma Nirikshana (staring at minute objects), and a range of preventive and therapeutic measures. Objective: To review the modern understanding of computer vision syndrome, its Ayurvedic interpretation, and the evidence for conventional and Ayurvedic interventions. Methods: Narrative review of classical texts, a systematic review of conventional interventions, and Ayurvedic clinical studies. Results: Computer vision syndrome arises from reduced blinking and tear film instability, accommodative and vergence demand, glare and poor ergonomics. A systematic review of 45 randomised trials found no high-certainty evidence for conventional interventions; blue-light filtering lenses and berry extracts did not help, while omega-3 supplements improved dry eye symptoms. Ayurveda interprets the condition through Vata and Pitta aggravation from Sukshma Nirikshana and Ratri Jagarana (night waking) and recommends Netra Prakshalana, Tarpana, Ashchyotana, Padabhyanga, Nasya and Chakshushya Rasayanas. Small clinical studies of Triphala eye drops with Saptamrita Lauha and of Go-Ghrita Tarpana reported symptomatic improvement. Conclusion: Ergonomic and behavioural measures remain the foundation of management. Ayurvedic interventions are plausible and widely used, but current evidence is limited to small studies. Controlled trials with validated questionnaires are needed.
KEYWORDS: computer vision syndrome; digital eye strain; Ayurveda; Tarpana; Triphala; Sukshma Nirikshana; Shalakya Tantra; ergonomics